DEFENCE AGAINST HYPERSONIC MISSILE: ANALYSING EMPLOYMENT IN INDO-PAK SCENARIO

The advent of hypersonic missiles has presented unique challenges to existing missile defence systems around the world due to their unparalleled speed, altitude, range, and manoeuvrability. This could have significant implications for global warfare as their acquisition could upset the balance of power between nations. Unlike intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), hypersonic missiles can maintain their high speeds within the atmosphere and manoeuvre unpredictably towards their targets in comparatively lower altitudes, making them difficult to detect and defend against. In light of the pre-eminence of this weapon system, not only the three leading powers China, Russia, and the United States, but other states such as Australia, India, Japan, France, Germany, Iran, and North Korea are also investing in developing hypersonic missiles. As a result, discussions on how to defend against these missiles have become a focal point of strategic planning in recent years. In the Indo-Pakistan context, India has reportedly tested its own hypersonic technology demonstrator vehicle (HSTDV) powered by a scramjet engine. There are reports of India taking forward its Brahmos development program from a supersonic to a hypersonic regime that will have serious politico-military implications for the region. This research paper will examine the technical and operational capabilities of hypersonic weapons, the employment considerations of these weapons in general and specifically in the Indo-Pakistan context. It will also discuss if the introduction of this weapon will disturb the strategic balance in Indo-Pak scenario. Finally, it will explore the potential strategies for offering defence against hypersonic missiles in areas of both active and passive defence.